Friday, September 27, 2013

EXPRESSING COMMAND, PROHIBITION AND REQUEST



Here are examples of expressing commands, prohibitions and requests:
- Will you open it please ?
- Could you help me please ?
- Would you hold on a moment please ?
- Please sit down!
- Sit down please !
- Keep quite would you please !
- Would you be quite please ?
- Would you please come on time ?
- Would you mind opening the door please ?
- Don’t disturb me please !
- Don’t go home please !
- Please don’t smoke here !
- Don’t ever cheat!
- Don’t be naughty!
- Don’t be careless !

Responses for command. Prohibition and request :
A. Possitive response :
- Yes of course
- Certainly
- Sure
- All right
- All right, I won’t
- Trust me
- That’s OKEY
- No, that’s all right (khusus jawaban would you mind)

B. Negative response :
- I’m sorry I can’t
- Sorry I can’t
- I am sorry but I have to ….

- I am afraid I can’t

Thursday, September 26, 2013

OFFERING, ACCEPTING, AND REFUSING


OFFERING, ACCEPTING, AND REFUSING
Learn some expressions of offering somethings and how to accept or refuse.


Offering :
-Would you like to go out for dinner ?
-Would you care to dance Mrs Brent ?
-Would you like desert ?
-What about dance Denise ?
-Do you want me to clean the machine ?
-Should I get food for the picnic ?

Accepting an offer :
-I’d love to
-That would be nice
-OK, sound great
-Yes, please
-Just what I need

Refusing an offer :
-Sorry I can’t
-Sorry, I can’t. Thanks anyway.
-No, I can’t
-Thanks but I….
-No, it’s Ok. Thanks
-No, it’s all right really

Thursday, July 25, 2013

ENGLISH FOR SMK "MAKING RESERVATION"

EXPRESSIONS IN MAKING AND HANDLING RESERVATION 

(ungkapan yang dipakai untuk membuat dan menangani pesanan).



Making reservation :
Handling reservation :
-I’d like to book………. please.
-I would like to reserve……….
-Can I make a reservation……
-Could I reserve……
-I want to book……
-I’d like to make ……..
-Yes, sir. ………
-Yes, madam. ……
-I’m sorry sir. We’re full this weekend
-Yes, of course.
-I’m afraid that all….have been reserved
-Certainly sir.
-I am sorry. All……have been sold out

CONTOH DIALOG "MAKING RESERVATION"

A: Shogun Restaurant.
B: Hi, I would like to make a dinner reservation.
A: Of course, what evening will you be joining us on?
B: We will need the reservation for Tuesday night.
A: What time would you like the reservation for?
B: We would prefer 7:00 or 7:30.
A: How many people will you need the reservation for?
B: There will be 4 of us.
A: Fine, I can seat you at 7:00 on Tuesday, if you would kindly give me your name.
B: Thank you. The last name is Foster.
A: See you at 7:00 this Tuesday, Mr. Foster.
B: Thank you so much. I appreciate your help.


CONTOH VIDEO "MAKING RESERVATION"  lihat disini

sumber: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DVo0_01S2jY

Thursday, July 18, 2013

ENGLISH FOR SMK "Expression of Gratitude/ Thanking"

Expression of Gratitude/ Thanking

Gratitude is an expression that we show or say to express grateful feeling to other people, when speaking English, you say “thanks” very often please say “thank you” when people give you something and give you compliment, etc.

A.Expression of Gratitude/ Thanking
The common expressions to thank somebody are :
·         Thank you
·         Thanks
Emphatic ways of thanking:
·         Thank you very much
·         Thank you so much
·         Thank a lot
You can not say “thank you a lot” or  thank  lots”
If you want to indicate way you are thanking, you can say:
“Thank you for …” or “ Thank for …”
Eg :
·         Thank you for your coming
·         Thanks for your presence
If you want to make your gratitude more formal, you can use :
·          I want to thank you for ….
·         I want to tell you for ….
·         I want to tell you how grateful I am ….
·         I’m extremely grateful to you for ….
·         I’m grateful for ….
B. Expressions that need response of thank
·         Congratulations
·         Congratulations to you
·         Congratulations on your success
·         Congratulations on passing your exam
·         Congratulations on getting a new job etc
Note :
The response is “thank you”,
To respond to thanks can say :
·          You’re welcome
·         That’s all right
·         That’s OK
·         It’s a pleasure
·         Pleasure
·         It is no trouble
·         It is nothing
·         Not at all 
Don’t mention it (old fashioned)

Gerunds as Subject, Object or Complement

Try to think of gerunds as verbs in noun form.

Like nouns, gerunds can be the subject, object or complement of a sentence:
  • Smoking costs a lot of money.
  • I don't like writing.
  • My favourite occupation is reading.
But, like a verb, a gerund can also have an object itself. In this case, the whole expression [gerund + object] can be the subject, object or complement of the sentence.
  • Smoking cigarettes costs a lot of money.
  • I don't like writing letters.
  • My favourite occupation is reading detective stories.
Like nouns, we can use gerunds with adjectives (including articles and other determiners):
  • pointless questioning
  • a settling of debts
  • the making of Titanic
  • his drinking of alcohol
But when we use a gerund with an article, it does not usually take a direct object:
  • a settling of debts (not a settling debts)
  • Making "Titanic" was expensive.
  • The making of "Titanic" was expensive.
Do you see the difference in these two sentences? In one, "reading" is a gerund (noun). In the other "reading" is a present participle (verb).
  • My favourite occupation is reading.
My favourite niece is reading.

Wednesday, July 17, 2013

How do we make the Present Continuous Tense?

Present Continuous Tense

The structure of the present continuous tense is:
subject
+
auxiliary verb
+
main verb


be

base + ing
Look at these examples:


subject
auxiliary verb

main verb

+
I
am

speaking
to you.
+
You
are

reading
this.
-
She
is
not
staying
in London.
-
We
are
not
playing
football.
?
Is
he

watching
TV?
?
Are
they

waiting
for John?

Tuesday, July 16, 2013

Simple Present is Easy

Simple Present Tense (is, am , are).
Kita mengenal ada tiga macam verb “be” yaitu “is, am dan  “are”. Bagi pemula, pemakaian verb “be” ini memang agak membingungkan. Hal ini dikarenakan verb “be” bisa berfungsi sebagai kata kerja utama “main verb” dalam sebuah kalimat dan juga bisa berfungsi sebagai kata kerja Bantu (seperti halnya dalam Present Continuous Tense). 
Untuk memudahkan kita memahaminya, ayo fokus lebih dulu pada verb “be” yang berfungsi sebagai kata kerja utama dalam bentuk  kalimat Simple Present Tense, akan tetapi ada baiknya kita pahami dulu apa itu Simple Present Tense.

I. Simple Present Tense

Arti simple yaitu sederhana, sedangkan present adalah sekarang. Jadi bisa dikatakan bahwa Simple Present adalah tenses (pola kalimat) yang digunakan untuk menceritakan waktu sekarang dalam bentuk sederhana. Nama lain daripada Present adalah BENTUK 1.
Berikut fungsi dari Simple Present Tense:

a.       Fakta permanen: Kalimat-kalimat yang menyatakan fakta yang selalu berlaku/benar
Contoh: Batanghari River is in Jambi.      
b.   Fakta sekarang: Kalimat-kalimat yang menyatakan fakta yang benar untuk saat sekarang.
      Contoh: I am at home. (saya di rumah)                 
c.      Tindakan kebiasaan
Contoh             : Anita  goes to her office every morning.  (Anita pergi kekantornya setiap pagi) 
Contoh lain      : I am clever, She watches TV every afternoon, They go to WTC. 

Jika kita perhatikan contoh-contoh di atas, kalimat tersebut ada yang menggunakan verb "be" dan ada yang tidak. Hal ini dikarenakan simple present tense dapat dibuat dalam bentuk nomial dan dalam bentuk verbal.

Bila Simple Present Tense tersebut memakai verb “be” berarti berbentuk nominal sentence, bila tidak menggunakan verb “be” melainkan menggunakan “verb” (seperti; go, eat, run, study, dll) berarti berbentuk verbal.

Contoh  kalimat verbal dalam Simple Present Tense:
            I go to Jakarta twice a week. (saya pergi ke Jakarta dua kali seminggu.)
            My mother cooks every morning. (Ibu ku memasak setiap pagi.)
            John plays games every morning. (John bermain game setiap pagi.)
            The boy likes juice. (anak laki-laki itu suka jus.)

Semua kalimat-kalimat diatas memakai verb dan disebut kalimat verbal.  Oleh karena itu tidak perlu di tambah verb “be”, karena kalimat-kalimat tersebut sudah mempunyai kata kerja. Jadi tidak boleh mengatakan “ I am go to Jakarta every week, akan tetapi “I go to Jakarta every week.”

Contoh kalimat nominal dalam Simple Present Tense

1. I am tall. (Saya tinggi.)
2. Roni is in America. (Roni di Amerika.)
3. The house is big.(Rumah itu besar.)
4. They are clever. (Mereka pintar.

kalimat-kalimat diatas akan salah jika kita membuatnya tidak menggunakan verb “be”

I tall
(jika tidak menggunaka verb “be” maka “I tall” bukan kalimat karena tidak mempunyai kata kerja, oleh karena itu kita perlu verb “be” untuk membuat kalimatnya menjadi benar. “ I am tall.” Begitu juga dengan contoh kalimat 2, 3 dan 4 diatas.)

Oleh karena kalimat tersebut harus menggunakan verb “be”, maka kalimat-kalimat tersebut di sebut kalimat nominal.

II. Verb “be” dalam Simple Present Tense

Sebagaimana kita ketahui, syarat sebuah kalimat dalam bahasa Inggris  harus mempunyai Subject dan Verb. Bila tidak mempunyai verb, berarti itu bukan kalimat.
Contoh:
                  I  tall                             (Saya tinggi)
                  Rina  in Jakarta             ( Rina di Jakarta)

Dua contoh kalimat diatas salah, karena tidak mempunyai verb. Pada contoh 1, “I” adalah subject pronoun, dan “tall” adalah “adjective (kata sifat), jadi kalimat tersebut tidak mempunyai verb, begitu juga contoh dua, “Rina” pada kalimat tersebut berfungsi sebagai subject, “in Jakarta” adalah “adverb (kata keterangan). Jadi kedua kalimat diatas adalah salah.

Untuk membuat kalimat tersebut  menjadi  kalimat yang benar maka  kita perlu membuat kalimat tersebut memenuhi syarat, yaitu mempunyai “subject” dan “Verb”, maka kita harus menggunakan “verb be”.

I tall                                          I am tall.

Rina in Jakarta                        Rina is in Jakarta.

Semoga bermanfaat ya......